Algorithms that make decisions about credit, employment, and health care can reproduce and amplify historical discrimination, raising urgent legal questions about liability and the protection of fundamental rights.
The popular action (ação popular) is the constitutional tool that gives any citizen the power to challenge in court acts that harm public assets, administrative morality, the environment, and historic and cultural heritage. It is one of the clearest expressions of the active citizenship envisioned in the 1988 Constitution.
Brazil’s Federal Constitution guarantees public servants the right to strike, but that right depends on implementing legislation and must respect limits set by the Supreme Federal Court.
The Supreme Court’s rapporteur votes against a Santa Catarina law that banned quotas and affirmative action at public universities, citing a violation of binding precedent.
Reciprocal tax immunity prevents the federal government, the states, the Federal District, and the municipalities from taxing one another’s property, income, and services, protecting Brazil’s federal compact.
Habeas corpus is the oldest and most effective constitutional remedy for protecting freedom of movement against unlawful arrests, concrete threats, and undue restraints. Knowing when it applies is essential for anyone who wants to understand how liberty is defended in Brazil.
Law 12.965/2014 sets out the principles, guarantees, and duties that govern internet use in Brazil. Often called the “Constitution of the Internet,” the Marco Civil protects user privacy, ensures net neutrality, and defines the liability of internet providers.
When Brazil’s Supreme Federal Court declares a law unconstitutional, it can decide how long that ruling takes to have effect, protecting situations that have already been settled in the name of legal certainty. This mechanism, called temporal modulation of effects, requires a supermajority vote and specific reasoning.
The mandado de segurança is one of the most widely used constitutional remedies in Brazil. It protects a clear and certain right against illegal or abusive acts by a public authority. Knowing when and how to file it can make all the difference when you face an illegality that demands a quick solution.
Fundamental rights are the foundation of Brazil’s legal system. They protect you against abuse and safeguard the dignity of every person. Understanding these guarantees is the first step toward demanding them when you need to.
The título de eleitor (voter registration card) is an essential document for exercising citizenship in Brazil. It secures your right to vote and to take part in political life. Bringing your voting status up to date involves a few simple steps, and you can do it through the official app or at an electoral registry office.
The State is strictly liable for damage its agents cause. Learn how this liability works and how to seek compensation.
External oversight by the Court of Accounts is an essential constitutional mechanism for monitoring how public funds are managed and for ensuring that government accounts are in order.
Brazil’s Superior Court of Justice (STJ) has ruled that a claim for moral damages over a blood transfusion performed against the patient’s will must be brought in a separate lawsuit, not as an incidental request in an existing case.
Brazil’s 1988 Federal Constitution organizes the Brazilian State into three independent and harmonious branches: the Executive, the Legislative, and the Judiciary. Each has its own functions, but all of them oversee one another to preserve the balance that democracy depends on.
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